Urolithin B

CAS No.: 1139-83-9

Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₈O₃

Molecular Weight: 212.2

EINECS No.: 808-493-1

Urolithin B (Urolithin B, CAS 1139-83-9) is a natural polyphenolic postbiotic produced by the metabolism of ellagitannins in foods such as pomegranates and nuts by gut microbiota. Compared with urolithin A, it focuses more on muscle synthesis, anti-inflammation, bone and joint health, metabolic regulation and anti-tumor effects, making it a highly promising raw material for anti-aging and sports nutrition.

I. Core Biological Activities (Mechanisms of Action)

• Potent anti-inflammatory activity: Inhibits the core inflammatory pathway NF-κB and reduces the release of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β.
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• Strong antioxidant activity: Scavenges free radicals, reduces oxidative stress (AGEs), and protects cellular DNA and mitochondria.
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• Muscle growth promotion (core advantage): Activates the mTOR pathway, promotes muscle protein synthesis, reduces muscle breakdown, induces muscle hypertrophy, and combats sarcopenia.
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• Metabolic regulation: Activates the AMPK pathway, improves insulin sensitivity, regulates blood lipids, and assists in fat reduction.
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• Neuroprotection: Crosses the blood-brain barrier, inhibits microglial activation, and protects neurons.
• Anti-tumor activity: Induces cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and exhibits inhibitory effects on lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer.
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II. Main Applications

1. Dietary Supplements (Mainstream Application)

• Anti-aging & sarcopenia management: Delays aging, alleviates muscle loss in the elderly, and enhances muscle strength and physical performance.
• Sports nutrition: Builds muscle, accelerates recovery, improves endurance, and reduces post-exercise inflammation.
• Joint health: Inhibits cartilage degradation and relieves pain and inflammation caused by osteoarthritis.
• Metabolic health: Assists in lowering blood glucose and blood lipids, and controls body weight.
• Immune support: Enhances immunity and improves chronic inflammatory status.
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2. Medicine and Clinical Practice (Potential Directions)

• Osteoarthritis treatment: Inhibits inflammation, protects cartilage, and delays joint degeneration.
• Muscle atrophy prevention and treatment: Targets pathological muscle loss (e.g., nerve injury, bed rest).
• Anti-tumor research and development: A natural, low-toxicity candidate for chemotherapy or adjuvant therapy.
• Neurodegenerative diseases: Provides neuroprotection for Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
• Cardiovascular protection: Improves myocardial function and resists atherosclerosis.
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3. Cosmetics (Skin Care Applications)

• Anti-aging and anti-wrinkle: Promotes collagen synthesis, provides antioxidant effects, and delays skin photoaging.
• Anti-inflammatory and soothing: Improves sensitive skin, redness and acne inflammation.
• Skin repair: Strengthens the skin barrier and repairs UV and oxidative damage.
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4. Food Industry

• Functional foods: Used in milkshakes, energy bars, meal replacements, etc., to provide anti-aging and anti-inflammatory functions.
• Natural antioxidants: Delay lipid oxidation and preserve color and freshness.
• Natural pigments: Provides a pale yellow to brownish-yellow hue.
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5. Animal Health (Pet / Livestock)

• Pet health care: Improves muscle and joint function in elderly dogs and cats, and exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects.
• Livestock breeding: Improves meat quality, reduces inflammation and promotes growth.
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6. Research Reagents

• Biochemical tools: Used in research on muscle synthesis, NF-κB, AMPK and autophagy pathways.
• Drug screening: Development of new anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-muscular atrophy drugs.